diseases
Skull base fracture: definition, causes and disease course
A skull base fracture can be caused by strong impact on the head. The skull protects the most important organ of our body: the brain. Its 22 bones also enclose important sensory organs. They are connected by rigid hinges and are carried by the skull base at the bottom of the head. This again sits on the cervical spine. After birth, it takes some time for the skull bones to grow together tightly. Then they get a sturdy build, but of course not withstand any load: Heavy falls and blows or a collision like in a car accident can cause a skull base break. If only the bone itself is affected, healing usually proceeds without any problems. More difficult is an open skull base fracture, which can lead to cracks in the meninges or to brain damage. Then it is essential to prevent germs that can cause infection. Many skull base fractures only cause severe headaches. There may also be blue discoloration around the eyes and behind the ears. Also vomiting, dizziness and unconsciousness as well as the escape of fluid or blood from ears or nose are possible. Serious injuries can impair brain function and cause mental health problems.
Skull base fracture: treatment
In minor cases of fracture of the skull, medical control, bed rest and analgesics are sufficient. In the case of a skull base fracture, however, life-sustaining measures and operations may also be necessary. Brain damage after a skull base break needs a longer period of medical follow-up.
Skull base fracture: prevention and self-help
To prevent a skull base break, one should try to avoid acts of violence on the head. Should it once come to a skull base break, it is absolutely necessary to comply with the medically recommended sparing.
